Intellectual property rights

A category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect, such as patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets.

Types of Intellectual Property

• Copyright

  Copyright regulates relations arising in connection with the creation and use of works of science, literature and art. The basis of copyright is the concept of "work", meaning the original result of creative activity, existing in some objective form. It is this objective form of expression that is the subject of protection in copyright. Copyright does not extend to ideas, methods, processes, systems, methods, concepts, principles, discoveries, facts.

• Related rights

  The most common examples are the exclusive rights of performing musicians, producers of phonograms, broadcasting organizations. The content of related rights varies significantly in different countries.

• Patent law

  Patent law is a system of legal norms that determine the procedure for protecting inventions, utility models, industrial designs (often these three objects are combined under a single name - "industrial property") and selection achievements by issuing patents.

• Rights to means of individualization

  Includes such concepts as: trademark, company name, name of the place of origin of goods and domain name. For the first time, legal norms on the protection of means of individualization at the international level were enshrined in the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, where a larger part of the convention is devoted to trademarks than to inventions and industrial designs.

• Right to production secrets (know-how)

  Production secrets (know-how) are information of any nature (original technologies, knowledge, skills, etc.) that are protected by the trade secret regime and can be the subject of purchase and sale or used to achieve a competitive advantage over other business entities.
  A trade secret is a form of intellectual property (IP) comprising confidential information that is not generally known or readily ascertainable, derives economic value from its secrecy, and is protected by reasonable efforts to maintain its confidentiality. Well-known example is the Coca-Cola formula.

• Rights to new plant varieties

  A system of legal norms that regulate the copyrights of breeders to new plant varieties (breeding achievements) by issuing patents.